Web1. Trade promotes competition and encourages companies to be more innovative and efficient Trade helps to spread best practices and new technologies Trade can lead WebEssay # 1. Meaning of Free Trade: The policy of free trade is one which does not impose any tariff or non-tariff restrictions upon free exchange of goods and services between the WebIntroduction The purpose of trade protection is to protect the domestic firms from foreign competition thereby enabling these firms to gain efficiency and effectiveness in their
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Read this essay to learn about Trade Union. After reading this essay you will learn about: 1. Meaning of Trade Union 2. Definition of Trade Union 3. Objectives 4. Principles 5. Why Essay on trade Join Trade Unions? Functions 7. Tactics 8. Trade Union Movement in India 9. Present Position Recommendations of the National Commission on Labour The Trade Unions Act, and Other Details, essay on trade. Over the years, trade unions have emerged as an essential feature of industry in every country. The main reason for their emergence is the factory system and capitalistic society.
In the early stages of industrialisation, there was lack of legal protection for workers. The workers felt exploited at the hands of the employers. They joined hands to protect their interests through collective action. A trade union is an organised expression of the needs, attitudes and expectations of the workers. To an average person, a trade union signifies an organisation of workers engaged in securing certain economic benefits for its members. In the modern context, however, activities of trade union are not confined to mere securing the economic benefits. The purview of activities now includes even the political and welfare activities essay on trade by them for the benefits of its members.
A trade union has essay on trade facets—economic, social, and political. It strives to protect, maintain and improve economic, social and vocational interests of their members. According to Sec, essay on trade. According to Dale Yoder. According to S. According to V. According to Edwin B. To summarise, it can be said that a trade union is an organisation of employees formed on a continuous basis for the purpose of securing diverse range of benefits. An analysis of the above definitions reveals the following characteristics of a trade union:.
ii Trade union is generally a permanent combination. It is not a temporary or casual combination of workers. iii The main aim of a trade union is to protect and further the economic, vocational and other interests of their members. The subject which drew the major attention of the trade unions is the wages and salaries of the workers. This item relates to the policy matter of the enterprise. However, differences may arise in the process of their implementation. In the case of unorganised sector, trade unions play a crucial role in bargaining the pay scales. Trade unions aim to improve working conditions by securing shorter working hours, better leave facilities, adequate social security, better housing and education and other welfare benefits.
If such decisions are governed by statutory rules and rational policies, there is greater assurance of fair treatment and equal justice; otherwise there is no security for workers. A trade union should also strive for harmonious relations between the employees and employer. Trade union, being the representative of all the workers, may carry out continuous negotiations with the management with a view to promote industrial peace. Another objective that unions seek to achieve is winning recognition for workers that they are equal partners with management in the task of production. The unions try to secure for workers a say in the management and industrial democracy thereby bringing about a essay on trade social order. To provide legal sanctions to its demands, the unions attempt to get these framed in the form of Acts so that they become permanent features of the contract between the employers and the workers, essay on trade.
For this purpose, the unions may take recourse essay on trade political action in terms of supporting some political party or forming their own political party. Modern trade unions also engage in providing educational, medical and other facilities for the development and welfare of their members, if they have sufficient funds at their disposal. The strength of trade unions is their unity, essay on trade. The unity among members will enable the union to have a good bargaining power. If the members stay divided then employers or others to whom unions put their demands will not take them seriously, essay on trade.
So the unity in the association will be its strength. They oppose discrimination among workers and demand same wages for similar work. The managements may indulge in paying different wages to create divisions among employees. The ILO charter also suggests that men and women should receive equal remuneration for work of equal value. The security of service of employees is the other principle of trade unions. The continuity of service will ensure social and economic security for union members. The trade union movement is gaining momentum with the passage of time. Workers and essay on trade are joining unions to protect and further their interests. Why do Workers Join Unions? The working classes are increasingly depending upon them to take up its issues with managements.
The workers join unions to get economic security. They want steady employment and proper income. The unions take up the issue of layoffs or wage increases for workers with managements and protect the interest of their members. The unions protect workers and refrain management from taking any action which is irrational, discriminatory or prejudicial to the interest of labour, essay on trade. The workers want a proper policy for giving rewards, punishment, layoffs, transfers, essay on trade, etc.
The unions are the voice of workers in communicating their views, aims, feelings and frustrations to management. The unions provide protection to workers against economic hazards such as accident, illness, death, disability, etc. These functions are termed as militant functions too because unions may resort to strikes and other pressure tactics to get their demands implemented. Intramural functions include wage rises, proper working conditions, sanitation, essay on trade, safety, continuity in employment and so on. The unions try to resolve these issues through collective bargaining. If discussions and meetings do not help in resolving these issues then unions use strike and other pressures as tools in getting these demands accepted. Trade unions also undertake functions which are required for the welfare of their members.
These functions include provision of educational, recreational and housing facilities. The unions raise funds in the form of subscription from members and spend them for the welfare of workers. Extramural functions are very important as they inculcate the spirit of co-operation against members. The trade unions indulge in political activities in order to essay on trade in improving the economic conditions of workers through legislative and administrative measures. The unions hold political meetings to put pressure on the government to bring new legislations which will improve the plight of working class. The unions may also collect funds for political functions.
These functions include carrying out social service activities, essay on trade, discharging social responsibilities through various sections essay on trade the society like educating the customers. Organising drive is one of the major instruments of force that unions employ, essay on trade. Organising drive is nothing but forming a union where none exists. The mere threat of a union may bring the management to terms. Similarly, a successful drive may also bring the management to terms. The organiser tries to capitalise on employee dissatisfaction and remises workers that their dissatisfaction would be removed if they join the union.
The most important union tactic is strike. Strike directly suspends production, cuts the creation of profit, cut off the employer from the market, may lose the source of materials and essay on trade charges such as interest, taxes and salaries for officials continue to be incurred during the strike period. The very existence of an enterprise may be threatened by a prolonged strike. By its very nature, essay on trade, strike is a test of strength and if it succeeds in wrecking damage on the management, essay on trade, it does so only at the expense of the workers, essay on trade. Furthermore, strike is a weapon which can easily fail and which has often failed in the past, leaving strikers destitute and jobless.
Unions often invoke political patronage to beat the management. Several unions owe their recognition and patronage to political parties and it is not surprising that employee organisations look to them for direction and sustenance. The trade union movement in India started with the forming of Bombay Mill Hands Association in by N. InAmalgamated Society of Railway Servants, Printers Union of Calcutta inMadras and Calcutta postal Essay on trade were the other associations formed in the beginning of this movement. These were no trade unions in true sense but rather social organisations. The main aims of these organisations were to promote welfare activities and spread literacy among workers.
These associations were not affiliated essay on trade any central organisation or federation. The leadership to these unions was provided mostly by social reformers, careerists and politicians-cum nationalists. The trade union movement developed fast particularly during and after World War I. The factors like economic hardship due to rise in cost of living, rising tide of nationalism, emergence of union leadership contributed to development of trade unionism in India.
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Web1. Trade promotes competition and encourages companies to be more innovative and efficient Trade helps to spread best practices and new technologies Trade can lead WebTrade can help boost development in a country, and reduce poverty by generating growth through increased investment of goods from various sellers and buyers. The growth of WebEssay # Objectives of Trade Unions: 1. Employee Compensation. The subject which drew the major attention of the trade unions is the wages and salaries of 2. Working
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